Vectors
A vector has direction and length. In physics, vectors describe physical quantities with a certain direction and magnitude, such as forces. A vector is drawn as an arrow. A vector has no origin i.e. vectors in the same direction and lengths are the same vector.
A vector is usually named with a letter and a line is drawn above the letter to indicate that it is a vector. There is a vector a in this figure. Sometimes, you can use an arrow instead of a line above the letter. The length of the vector is denoted by an absolute value. A unit vector is a vector with a length of 1.
Notation
A vector can also be named with a start and end point. Here is a vector which starts at point A and ends at point B. It's read as vector A to B or vector AB.
If vectors are parallel and of equal length, it is the same vector. The figure shows vectors a and b, both of which have a length of 3. The vectors are parallel, so it is the same vector.
Multiplying a vector by a number
A vector twice in a row, forms a vector with a length that is twice the original and parallel to it. In the figure, after vector a with length 3, vector a is set again. Vector 2a with a length of 6 is obtained.
Multiplying a vector by a positive number only changes its length, not its direction. When multiplied by a negative number, the direction of the vector changes to the opposite direction.
Addition of vectors
In the addition of vectors, the vectors are placed in sequence. The sum vector is a vector from the beginning of the first vector to the end of the last vector.
Denote the side edges of a rectangular parallelogram with vectors a, b, and c.
We can describe the diagonal vectors BG and BF with the edge vectors..
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